1 20 970 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10210/Crewbrieinst_012309113213.pdf ed1593b00137704367dfdcf4e39614fa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Crewbrieinst.pdf spc_stnv_000224 Title A name given to the resource "Crew Briefing : Instrument Unit Stage Presentation". Description An account of the resource Document outlining different slides of a presentation containing numerous organizational charts, diagrams and bullet-list points. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource International Business Machines Corporation John F. Kennedy Space Center Petrone, Rocco A. Teir, William . Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968-10-03 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Saturn launch vehicles Spacecraft control Spacecraft guidance Spacecraft control Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Presentations Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 28, Folder 26 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000200_000224 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17967">View this item at ArchivesSpace </a> https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/2332/spc_stnv_000104.pdf 185f149d61703e718ad3b0c4c0796029 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context spc_stnv_000104 Title A name given to the resource "Application of Nuclear Propulsion to the Mars Manned Landing Mission." Description An account of the resource This report has been prepared to provide Aerojet management and the interested NASA offices with nuclear propulsion decision aid data. The primary intent of these analyses is to evaluate potential space missions which may utilize nuclear propulsion in an effort to determine the most desirable characteristics of a nuclear propulsion system. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Advanced Concepts, Reon Division, Aerojet-General Corporation. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1967-03 Subject The topic of the resource Mars (Planet)--Exploration Nuclear rocket engines Saturn Project (U.S.) Spacecraft propulsion Space flight to Mars Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 11, Folder 3 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000075_000118 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/16922 Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. REON Report RN-S-0068 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Type The nature or genre of the resource Reports Still Image Text https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/1624/Binder1_070908082349.pdf a1d144e164e3714472c62b989b8ff1ad Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Binder1_070908082349.pdf spc_stnv_000151 Title A name given to the resource Propulsion and Vehicle Engineering Laboratory Monthly Progress Report for Period April 1, 1968 Through April 30, 1968. Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. MPR-P&VE-68-4. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Structures Division Advanced Studies Office Materials Division Vehicle Systems Division Propulsion Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968-05-01 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn Project (U.S.) George C. Marshall Space Flight Center. Propulsion and Vehicle Engineering Laboratory--Planning. NASA space programs Project management Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 26, Folder 29 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000150_000174 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/1285/spc_stnv_000143.pdf ac8a57554dbbaca865efb65710a5c5fc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context spc_stnv_000143 Title A name given to the resource "Aero-Astrodynamics Laboratory Bimonthly Progress Report, April and May 1967." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource George C. Marshall Space Flight Center Aero-Astrodynamics Laboratory Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1967-06-01 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource NASA space programs Project management Saturn Project (U.S.) Type The nature or genre of the resource Progress reports Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 22, Folder 30 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000119_000149 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17690 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/1287/spc_stnv_000146.pdf ab252a1a5e031df7b165e4ebc1ebd047 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context spc_stnv_000146 Title A name given to the resource "Aero-Astrodynamics Laboratory Bimonthly Progress Report, December 1967-January 1968." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource George C. Marshall Space Flight Center Aero-Astrodynamics Laboratory Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968-02-01 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource NASA space programs Project management Saturn Project (U.S.) Type The nature or genre of the resource Progress reports Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 25, Folder 23 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000119_000149 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17831 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10966/Interofdrarth.pdf daad54771a75e19e6cb6ab65694d385a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Interofdrarth.pdf spc_stnv_000345 Title A name given to the resource "Interview With Dr. Arthur Rudolph." Description An account of the resource Transcription of an interview between Davis S. Akens and Arthur Rudolph Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Akens, David S. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968-11-28 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Documentation History Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Interviews Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 35, Folder 65 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000325_000349 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/18477"> View this item in ArchivesSpace. </a> https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10993/hisskeofmsfc_091407104637.pdf f7165587091062d50221524ee77e09b1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context hisskeofmsfc.pdf spc_stnv_000322 Title A name given to the resource "Historical Sketch of MSFC." Description An account of the resource A rocket from the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center will carry the first American to the moon, and the deadline is 1970. Because of the Center's expanding role in space, there are increasing requests for information about our activities. This brief historical sketch should help to answer questions about our past, our present, and our hopes for the future. Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is the largest installation of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The Marshall Center is NASA's agency responsible for large space rockets and related research. MSFC employs about 7500 civil service employees with an annual payroll of more than {dollar}82 million. In addition approximately 4300 contractor employees work for MSFC on the Arsenal, earning an estimated {dollar}43 million. The Center occupies about 1800 acres near Huntsville, Alabama; in this large area are 270 buildings with floor space totalling about 4,000,000 square feet for a real estate and property value of about {dollar}325 million. MSFC's 1966 fiscal year budget was {dollar}1.8 billion. Obviously MSFC has much human and monetary worth behind United States round trips to the moon and beyond. In addition to its size, MSFC is unique because it has a large rocket development team with more than three decades of experience. Prior to the rocket work that dates back to Peenemuende [sic] the world heard little and cared less concerning rockets and space. As a group Marshall has always thought big. It has worked together as a group, and equally well with fellow scientists throughout the Free World, to get the most into space soonest. This is why there is increasing interest in larger and larger rockets and rocket programs from our Center, a fact generating more and more questions about our Center, and in turn generating a "workload" request for this sketch by the Historical Office. We hope that you enjoy our historical sketch, which could as well be entitled "Closer and Closer Views of the Moon and Beyond." David S. Akens, MSFC Historian. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Akens, David S. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1966-06-16 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Laboratories -- Astronautics History Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Historical Analyses Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 17, Folder 50 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000300_000324 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17473"> View this item in ArchivesSpace </a> https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/11034/Drvonbraucale_121008161948.pdf 430d71a5fcab850a1bf4b62640a46c9d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Drvonbraucale.pdf spc_stnv_000265 Title A name given to the resource Dr. von Braun's calendars and scrapbooks indicate that these were his personal contacts with President Kennedy, Vice-President Johnson and members of their immediate staff. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Akens, David S. Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Apollo project History Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Lists Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Is part of: Dr. von Braun / NASA HQ Correspondence July 1968. Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000250_000274 Description An account of the resource The first page contains a typed routing slip. A list of Wernher von Braun's meetings with President Kennedy, the Vice President and members of their immediate staff. https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10419/satvsicstageng_071907083936.pdf 65dada8b679d9dc5f71d73c89d51163a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context satvsicstageng_071907083936.pdf spc_stnv_000775 Title A name given to the resource "Saturn V S-IC stage engine gimbal actuation system." Description An account of the resource The actuation system for the Saturn V S-IC stage is described and compared to the Saturn I system. The use of mechanical feedback actuators that result in a significant increase in system reliability and the damping of load resonance is discussed. The unprecedented component sizes and system requirements are cited. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kalange, M. A. Alcott, R. J. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-05-18 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Apollo project Saturn launch vehicles Hydraulic control Apollo spacecraft Engineering Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Design reports Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 12, Folder 65 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000775_000799 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17082 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10444/satvsicstageng_071907083936.pdf 51442dc99b27c82c22ea196cb3e64fc8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context satvsicstageng_071907083936.pdf spc_stnv_000775 Title A name given to the resource "Saturn V S-IC stage engine gimbal actuation system." Description An account of the resource The actuation system for the Saturn V S-IC stage is described and compared to the Saturn I system. The use of mechanical feedback actuators that result in a significant increase in system reliability and the damping of load resonance is discussed. The unprecedented component sizes and system requirements are cited. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kalange, M. A. Alcott, R. J. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-05-18 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Apollo project Saturn launch vehicles Hydraulic control Apollo spacecraft Engineering Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Design reports Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 12, Folder 65 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000775_000799 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17082 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/11048/desidevel1500pounthru_062507103113.pdf b7c348c751377f7751c2c4d4965a080c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context desidevel1500pounthru.pdf spc_stnv_000234 Title A name given to the resource "Design and Development of a 1,500,000-Pound-Thrust Space Booster Engine." Description An account of the resource Describes the F-1 engine design and components. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Aldrich, D. E. Sanchini, D. J. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-07-01 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project F-1 rocket engine Liquid propellant rockets Research and development Booster rocket engines Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Design Analyses Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 9, Folder 14 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000225_000249 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/16834"> View this item in ArchivesSpace </a> https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/11049/desiofthesatus-ivstagproputilsyst_041307164422.pdf 986f06871de20b64a6539b5365bb7bff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context desiofthesatus.pdf spc_stnv_000235 Title A name given to the resource "Design of the Saturn S-IV Stage Propellant Utilization System." Description An account of the resource Describes the SIV vehicle and its components. Presented at: IRE International Convention. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Allen, D. J. Bekemeyer, L. G. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1962-03-29 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Liquid propellant rockets Saturn S-4 stage Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Design Analyses Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 6, Folder 55 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000225_000249 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/16767"> View this item in ArchivesSpace </a> https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/1136/spc_stnv_000052.pdf 575677482f84daede1acfe47bb6eb94b PDF Text Text , - /' - i\ o i l ' b 1: - s~,Tu:>! \ u:?C'IW Dn~",J>lT-NT [jr:;vpr.r;i;i cc /' ' =: -; ? - - ? - - ri.\?+ituta !~ , ; ~ [ i r ~oi-. st..c,,c: ly ,/ .-, , , 3 ,i, ;,u4:,;;, Group ----- P' _ -- -- - -- * -- Dete ---- ---- -- 2;~. NO. - ----AEROSPACE WELDING STANDARDS //d3 FOR THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF AMEIUCAN ORDNANCE ASSOCfATION I The term "Welding Standard" is one which must be qualefied since there are many dfjfferent classifications. There are, for example, welding , standards for bridge and building construction, automotive manufacturers, machinery manufacuurers, and, of course, space vehicle manufacturers. To each of the functional segments of an organization, producing welds to meet the requirements vr a welding standard has a different meaning: (1) to engineering, it is a necessary requirement to fulfill the design function; (2) to manufacturing, it means additional operations, precise dimensional tolerances, elaborate tooling and pre-production test sampling; (3) to quality control, 5t is the responsibility to select inspection points within the manufacturing operations and to apply NM: methods to insure that the product meets engineering requirements; and (4) to top management, producing ' welds to meet the requirements of a weld standard means much higher costs. Fundamentally, the'basic objective of any welding application is to obtain a weld which will perform the function for which it: was designed. The problem then, in establishing an aerospace welding standard, is one of determining what parameters must be controlled and the limits of acceptability ' to meet the design function. If perfect welds could be produced consistently with 100% reliability, the problem would be solved. This is not possible, of course, since a perfect weld would be one having absolutely no defects and having 100% joint efficiency based on mechanical, metallurgical, and physical properties. �Thds means thas realistic welding standards must be established which require a minimum level of performance based on what engineering can tolerate and what manufacturing can produce. Even though the present welding standard is based on this philosophy, the. question still arises, "Is the high quality required by this standard really necessary?" In reviewing the product history, the answer is quite evident. From the first missiles and rockets constructed, many failures which occurred during proof testing of the components have been traced to poor quality welds. Natueally, with each incident, engineers became educated as to the type and magnitude of defects which can be tolerated; thus, the standard is modified to correct the deficiences. As an example of failures which have occurred in the past, Figure 1 shows a portion of a weld from a missile propellant tank,whichexhibits transverse weld cracks. Radiographic examination of the welds in this tank revealed porosity in excess of specification requirements. Prior to this failure, there were no requirements for 100% radiographic inspection. quality control of these welds was based on the establishment of welding schedules which produced welds to meet the specification requirements. Then the operator and equipment were relied upon to produce the same weld quality in the production part. Upon completion of the failure analysis, it was concluded that the failure resulted from very low ductility in the weld, with porosity being a contributing factor. That is, the weld could not plastically deform with thgt base material without failure. This is an example of a defect resulting from dissimilar mechanical properties between the base material and filler metal. �Thus, in order to have a complete welding standard, the mechanical properties 0f.a welded joint must be defined and controlled. Corrective action for this failure was to modify the welding standard, incorporating a different filler metal and, in addition,-arequirement was imposed for 100% radiographic inspection of all subsequent welds to insure that porosity w~uldbe within specifications. As another example, Figure 2 shows a failure in ground support equipment (54-in& diameter water line flange-to-pipe weld) which occurred during cyclic pressure proof testing. The crack shown here initiated at the toe of the weld as a result of undercut. The undercut was noted to be more severe on the side of the forged flange, which happened also to be the weaker material. This, of course, necessitated tightening the allowable undercut requirements for steel weldments in certain ground support equipment. The above examples illustrate typical defects which have caused failure and which must be controlled to insure weldment reliability. Without attempting to define or describe in detail all of the parameters which form a welding standard, the following may serve as a generalized description: a. Metallurgical Compatibility of Base Material and Filler Material A filler metal must be selected which is metallurgically compatible with the base material. The filler metal should not present a metallurgical discontinuity (i. e. , formation of brittle phases) which could cause premature failure, nor should there be a high electro-chemical potential.difference between the weld and base metal which would invite corrosion. Stress corrosion characteristics of the deposited filler metal must also be considered in the selection. �b, Nechahical Properties of the Welded Joint In order to have a high degree of confidence in the mechanical properties of a weldment, a 1arge.amountof data must be obtained and statistically analyzed. If, for example, the ductility or tensile strength of the weld is below that of the base material, the des$gners may compensate by increasgng the thickness of the weld joiht. c. Welding Brocess ~tandarazationon a particular welding process must be based on its adaptability to the product and the quality of weld which can be produced. Subsequently, the welding procedure must be docum@nted, listing allowable variations for each variable in the proce4s. Joint preparation and fit-up tolerances must be established to maintain good weld quality and consistent mechanioal properties. Simultaneously, and in combination with the det-ination of mechanical properties, acceptance limits for both internal and external defects must be established. Having in mind the parameters which must be controlled, the next objective is to establish what tools will be used to insure control. a. Research and Development Through research and development, the optimum filler wire for the specific application may be determined together with the optimum welding process, joint design, mechanical properties, defect limitations, etc. �b. Measurement of Dimensional Tolerances The component p a r t s must be dimensionally i n s p e c t e d t o i n s u r e p r o p e r f i t - u p and proper joint p r e p a r a t i o n . P o s t weld inspection of dimensions i s necessary t o i n s u r e t h a t metal d i s t o r t i o n h a s n o t renPered t h e p a r t unusable, c. Visual I n s p e c t i o n V i s u a l i n s p e c t i o n , a v e r y important t o o l , i s i n continuous u s e b e f o r e , d u r i n g , and a f t e r t h e welding operation. d. Sampling Often i t i s b e n e f i c i a l , o r even necessary, t o make pre-production and/or post-production samples which a r e s u b j e c t e d t o d e s t r u c t i v e and n o n d e s t r u c t i v e t e s t s f o r g r e a t e r assurance of t h e q u a l i t y w i t h i n t h e product. e. Radiography Radiography i s g e n e r a l l y considered a p o s t weld i n s p e c t i o n t o o l f o r determining i n t e r n a l q u a l i t y . f, Penetrants Most s u r f a c e d e f e c t s which a r e not v i s i b l e t o t h e naked eye can , g. be d e t e c t e d by p e n e t r a n t i n s p e c t i o n . Magnetic P a r t i c l e This i n s p e c t i o n t o o l i s used w i t h magnetic m a t e r i a l s f o r d e t e c t i n g s u r f a c e o r s l i g h t l y subsurface d e f e c t s . h. Ultrasonic U l t r a s o n i c i n s p e c t i o n may be used f o r both s u r f a c e and i n t e r n a l defects. �i, Eddy :Current Eddy current inspection, also, may be used for surface and internal defects. It is obvious that no one of the above tools, by itself, could assure. a high quality weldment. In almost all instances, at least three of the above tools are used: namely, (1) research and development, (2) measurement of dimensional twlerances, and (3) visual inspection. Determining a welding standard for the major structural material used in the S-IC booster stage of the Saturn V vehicle, as discussed below, will serve as a guide for determining a welding standard and for illustrating the use of several of the tools.' The platerial used was aluminum alloy 2219-T87. Folluwing the selection of type 2319 filler metal as .the optimum commercially available filler, welds were made in 1/4, 1'/2, 3/4, and 1-inch thick plates using both the consumable and nonconsumable electrode processes in the flat, vertical,' and horizontal welding positions. Discontinuities,such as weld undercut and joint misfit (root openings and misalignment), were introduced purposely to establish tolerable limits. All panels were radiographed, noting both internal and external defects in the weld. Figure 3 shows an example of internal defects which were tested to evaluate their effect on strength properties, This is a mild example, for many of the weldments contained a vast amount of internal defects. Ultrasonic inspection was also performed for correlation to radiographic defects and for determination of the sensitivity of ultrasonic testing. �T e n s i l e sgecimens and specimens f o r m e t a l l u r g i c a l examination were s e l e c t e d from Ehe welded panels t o i n s u r e ample r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of a l l t y p e s of d e f e c t s , L a t e r , t h e mechanical p r o p e r t i e s were compared t o t h e recorded d e f e c t s , and d e f e c t l i m i t a t i o n s were e s t a b l i s h e d . If the strength of a specimen having a s p e c i f i c type and magnitude of d e f e v t dropped below t h e strenggh s c a t t e r f o r sound welds, t h a t magnitude of d e f e c t was considered unacceptable f o r s t r u c t u r a l q u a l i t y weldments. Among t h e i n t e r e s t i n g r e s u l t s were t h e l o c a t i o n and s i z e e f f e c t of p o r o s i t y o r i n c l u s i o n s on weld s t r e n g t h . Very l a r g e d e f e c t s l o c a t e d i n t h e c e n t e r of t h e weld had l e s s e f f e c t upon s t r e n g t h than small d e f e c t s along t h e f u s i o n l i n e , which i s t h e usual path of f a i l u r e when t h e weld reinforcement i s not removed. For a given s i z e c a v i t y o r i n c l u s i o n , the s t r e n g t h of a t e n s i l e specimen decreased a s t h e d e f e c t approached t h e normal p a t h of f a i l u r e o r t h e f u s i o n l i n e . Another magnitude of p o r o s i t y which caused considerable l o s s i n s t r e n g t h , as k l d u s t r a t e d i n Figure 4 , i s macro p o r o s i t y l o c a t e d along t h e fusion line, This might be d e t e c t e d by radiography, depending on t h e f u s i o n zone geolaetry. I n t h i s p a r t i c u l a r i n c i d e n t , it was d e t e c t e d because of i t s o r i e n t a t i o n , b u t , i n o t h e r i n s t a n c e s where i t i s not p a r a l l e l t o t h e beam of X-rays, it i s not detected. I n one of t h e welded p a n e l s , t h e s t r e n g t h of t h e specimens ranged from 40 t o 44 K s i , w i t h t h e exception of two specimens, one being 33 and t h e o t h e r 35 K s i l o c a t e d s i d e by s i d e . There was no explanation f o r t h e l o s s i n s t r e n g t h ; t h e f r a c t u r e s appeared normal t o t h e naked eye, but upon examination a t 20 �power m a g n i f i c a t i o n , very f i n e p o r o s i t y was q u i t e evident over t h e e n t i r e f r a c t u r e surfkce. Lack of p e n e t r a t i o n , t o t h e degree shown i n Figure 5 , was n o t d e t e c t a b l e by normal radiographic procedures. d i d d e t e c t t h i s magnitude of d e f e c t . U l t r a s o n i c i n s p e c t i o n , of course, I n Figure 6 , t h e degree of incom- p l e t e penetratzon i s very small but s e r i o u s l y lowers t h e s t r e n g t h . In t h i s c a s e , it was not d e t e c t e d by u l t r a s o n i c s o r , a t l e a s t , could n o t be resolved. TMs unpenetrated zone i s s i m i l a r t o a forge weld because of t h e h e a t from welding and t h e pressure from shrinkage, t h e r e was a l o s s i n s t r e n g t h . Nevertheless, Magnified views of t h i s zone show how g r a i n s have a tendency t o grow a c r o s s t h e unpenetrated l i n e which i s no l a r g e r than a g r a i n boundary, Figure 7 shows t h e l o s s i n s t r e n g t h a s . a r e s u l t of incomplete penetration. It i s obvious from t h e s e d a t a t h a t incomplete p e n e t r a t i o n cannot be t o l e r a t e d ; t h u s , methods f o r p o s i t i v e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n must be developed. T h i s d e f e c t i s p r e s e n t l y being c o n t r o l l e d by t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t of welding schedules recording t h e c u r r e n t , v o l t a g e , t r a v e l speed, and w i r e f e e d speed necessary t o a s s u r e complete p e n e t r a t i o n ; F u r t h e r , pre- production test samples a r e made and checked before each production weld, One p o s s i b l e method f o r p o s t i n s p e c t i o n c o n t r o l i s t h e use of a modified square b u t t j o i n t wherein a shallow groove i s machined down t h e c e n t e r of t h e a b u t t i n g p l a t e s , a s shown by t h e j o i n t c r o s s - s e c t i o n i n F i g u r e 8. If p e n e t r a t i o n i s n o t complete, a void i s p r e s e n t a t t h e c e n t e r of t h e p l a t e which i s d e t e c t a b l e by radiography. 8 This i s i l l u s t r a t e d i n �Figure 9. (i.e., Id was found t h a t grooves, w h o s e . t o t a 1 width equal t o .O4O-inch, .020-inch deep i n each p l a t e ) , would s h r i n k t i g h t and would not be d e t e c t e d by radiography. P r e s e n t l y , s a t i s f a c t o r y r e s u l t s 'can be obtained w i t h a 0.030-Anch deep by 1 / 3 T width groove i n t o each a b p t t i n g edge. R e l i a b i l i t y o r c t h e j o i n t h a s not been f u l l y e v a l u a t e d , but f u r t h e r t e s t i n g i s being conduoced. I n c o n s i d e r i n g radiography a s a t o o l f o r i n s p e c t i n g weldments i n t h i c k p l a t e aluminum a l l o y s , i t was p o s s i b l e t o d e t e c t p o r o s i t y approximately 1%of t h e m a t e r i a l t h i c k n e s s and undercut of t h e same magnitude. Defects which could not be r e l i a b l y d e t e c t e d were micro p o r o s i t y , l a c k of p e n e t r a t i o n , l a c k of f u s i o n ( i . ' e , , t h e t i e - i n between t h e f i l l e r metal and t h e base m e t a l ) , and t i g h t cracks o r c r a c k s which were not p a r a l l e l t o t h e beam of X-rays. Radiography, of course, i s only one t o o l f o r i n s u r i n g a high q u a l i t y weld, and i t s l i m i t a t i o n must be defined Eor each application. This c e r t a i n l y i n d i c a t e s t h a t more than one i n s p e c t i o n t o o l i s necessary t o p r o p e r l y e v a l u a t e weld q u a l i t y . Similar definition,of l i m i t a t i o n s can, and should, be obtained f o r each of t h e i n s p e c t i o n t o o l s f o r a given a p p l i c a t i o n . I n summary, an a e r o s p a c e welding standard must encompass (1) m e t a l l u r g i c a l c o m p a t i b i l i t y of base metal and f i l l e r m e t a l , (2) mechanical proper- ties of t h e welded j o i n t , and (3) t h e welding process ( d e f e c t l i m i t a t i o n s , s t a n d a r d i z a t i o n of equipment, e t c , ) . The t o o l s a v a i l a b l e f o r i n s u r i n g h i g h q u a l i t y have been reviewed, and i t h a s been shown why t h e h i g h q u a l i t y welds a r e necessary. �Although welding i s not the only i t e m which can cause the f a i l u r e of a v e h i c l e , i t i s a f a c t that poor welds'can be a s o l e cause. The succeae of agaoa vekLcle structures dependslargely upon the quality af welding and tihe completeness of the welding standards. �FIGURE 1 Transverse Weld Cracks i n Aluminum Alloy Weldrnen't FIGURE 2 Longitudinal Crack A t The Toe O f The Weld In A S t e e l Weldrnent �FIGURE 3 Radiographic Reproduction Of Weld Test panel FIGURE 4 Macro-Porosity In Aluminum Alloy Weld Test Panel �FIGURE 5 Incomplete Penetration Not Detected By Normal Radiographic Procedures �(c) FIGURE 6 200X Incomplete Penetration Having Overlap Of Heat Affected Zone �- 50 - 45 - 40 - 35 - 30 - - 25 - - 20 - I I I I WELDED 2219.787 ALUMINUM ALLOY @ - @ - - @ " L 7 0 xX- r' 0 5 C e =: VI -* E C - C I 3 a z = 15 10 - - LfGfND: 0- SOUND WELDS X- WELDS WITH LACK OF PENETRATION I 1 1 % % h' I 1 THICKNESS, INCHES FIGURE 7 Loss In Weld Strength Resulting From Incomplete Penetration �FIGURE 8 Cross-Section Of Modified Square Butt Joint Design �(b) FIGURE 9 Weld In Modified Square Butt Joint Design 50X � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context spc_stnv_000052 Title A name given to the resource "Aerospace Welding Standards for the Minutes of the Meeting of American Ordnance Association." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource American Ordnance Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-01-01 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn Project (U.S.) Aerospace industries Space vehicles Welding Type The nature or genre of the resource Minutes (administrative records) Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 8, Folder 2 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Aerospace Welding Standards for the Minutes of the Meeting of American Ordnance Association Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000051_000074 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10985/govegrantscontracts_031507091859.pdf.pdf ed7280ce22361be7ea978af0bc5c7e77 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context govegrantscontracts_031507091859.pdf spc_stnv_000314 Title A name given to the resource "Government Grants & Contracts." Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. 1370-60 Description An account of the resource The Army medical contract, grant, and research interest in the bio-science area. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource American Rocket Society Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-10-12 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Contracts Research and development Aeronautics--United States Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Essays Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 5, Folder 4 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000300_000324 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/16633"> View this item in ArchivesSpace </a> https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/1138/spc_stnv_000054.pdf 2c71d16aefa23ff5b7d8c14e3e4197de PDF Text Text PRESENTED AT TtiE FOURTII INTERNhTlONAL CONFEREI!CE ON FLU!D SEALING HELD I N CONJUNCTION WITH ~ M ~ . 2 4AS1.E t h AlJNUAL MEETING IN PIIILE.DELPII!A, MAY 5-9.1969: This paper is thc literary prcpcrty of t l ~ eSociety indicated on the first page. Thc press may summarize frecly from this manuscript after presentation, citing source; however, publicstion of material constituting more than 2006 of tile manuscript shall bc construed as a violation of t l ~ cSoricty's rights and subject to appro2riatc I g a l actiori. Manuscripts not to be published by thc Society will bc releascd,in wri!irig for 'publica:lon by otlicr sources. Statcxcnts and opiriions advanced in papcrs arc uridcrstood to be individual expressions of tho author(s) arid not those ' of t3e Scciety. AVAILABLE. FROFA: AMEltiCAN SOCIEl-Y OF LUCRICATION CNCINECRS. 838 DUSSE tIICIl\'~A\', PARK ItIDGE, ILl.li<OlS COOGC �MfALTER J. CIESLII: Pesco Products, Gedford, Ohio Tlzc object o j t1z.c leaorit clisctissccl in this yapcr was to dceelop a rclinblc helitrtn. 60.9 sllnjt scal for rise in an electric motor-driool, licitlid osygeiz pump on a space uellicle. Tllc dcvclo~~mcnt e.orl coocred tests on ttco basically diflerent jnce scal designs, one raith an atfncllecl carbon jacc and ille olllcr tvitll o floating lal,$fted carbon jaca Scocral tclloi~stiibration da~npingcleviccs orlcl unriotrs seal material coinbitzafioru tacre in ticsf iga fcd. . hcliuili seal for use in an eIcctric motor driven liquid oxygcn pump for a n~anncclspacevchicle was tllc objective of tliis investigation. PUfAP DESIGN Elcctric motel--driven, liquid oxygen pumps can be dcsigndd. with a floodccl, canncd, or scalccl motor. Shaft scals arc not required in the first t\vo typcs of units, but oiic or more arc ncccssary with tllc scalcd type motor. Tlic lattcr type of unit is discussed llcrc togctllcr with thc tcst work concluclcd in developing a satisfactory sllah scd. From the clcsign stanclpoint, thc flooded motor unit is t l ~ clnost sinlplc. All motor cotnpo~lcnts opcrate in dircct coritact \\pith the punipccl fluicl and no seals are rcquirccl. But, from a safcty standpoint; this dcsign could bc thc most hazardous. IVhilc all matcrials arc sclcctccl for compatibility \vitll liquicl oxygct~,co~libi.lstionis still possiblc undcr ccrlaiti conclitiol~s.For instance, in a si~nulatcdshort circuit test of a motor stator siibmcrgccl in liquid oxygen, the electrical iiisulalion, part of the colq~crwindings,'and iron stator Inminations were burncd away, as slio\vn in Fig. 1. Coinbustion of thcsc matcrials was tcrniinatccl only wlicn tlic supply of oxygcn was exhaustccl. .: In thc canmcl rtlotor dcsign, usually only thc stator laininations, windings ancl lcads arc hcrmctically scalcd witliin a stainless-stccl slicll, thiis l>rcvcntingdircct contact with tlic liquicl osygcn. 111c rotor, howcvcr, is nor~nallystill submcrgccl clircctly in thc licluicl. In this dcsign tlic safcty aspccts of t l ~ cstator with its elcctrical insulation arc itnprovccl.' I.To\vcvcr, t l ~ cprcscncc of t l ~ c . slainlcss slccl slator sl~cllit1 t l ~ cmotor air gap rccluccs thc molor clricicnr:y and iticrcascs tlic inolor opcraling currcn t. For t l ~ cifnit c;isci~xscdItcrc thc rccluirccl ciirrcnt was incrcasccl 1 y approsiiiintcly 20 pcrccnt \vhcn a canncd stator clcsig~lwas tcslccl. This figurc worilcl 11c ftirtl~cr incrcasccl if llic rolor \\.as also cannccl. ' , INTRODUCTION Liquid ohygcn is one of thc tnorc aclivc cryogenic fluids. Unclcr propcr conditions.it \\.ill react with tllc colnnlon coinbustible matcrials, and undcr ccrtaiu conclitions,, such as aclclccl energy input, it will rcact with mclallic construction materials. l'his is an important consiclcration in tlic dcsign of cquipmc~ltfor usc in liquid oxygen applications. It is cspccially important in the design of rotating macliiucry, for cxainplc eleclric niotor-drivcn pumps. In this type of equiymcnt the rcsultaut encrgy input cluc i0.a possihlc electrical overload or mechanical sllock may bc sufiicicnt to initiate a mild rcaciion or cvcn a violent detonation. Elcctric motor-clrivcn liquicl oxygen pumps havc oieratcd succcssfiilly, undcr norn~alconditions, with all parts complctcly submcrgcd and wcttccl by liqiiicl oxygcii. 13ut in applicatioos which may prescnt a possiblc hazard to human lifc, tllc safcty aspccts can bc enhanced by aclditional clcsign precautions. In tlic elcctric rilotor arc drivcn ptnnp for instance, evcn thougli all ~n;~terials sclcctccl for lnaxi~iiiilncornpal ibili ty with liq~iiilosygii~, thc motor can bc cncloscd in a hcliiun gas incrtccl containcr. A dcsign of this typc, of coursc, will rcqliirc roiatilig shaft scals. Illc sclcction and testing of a stiital>ld . . 9rcscntcd.ul lhc Fourt:i In1crna:ionol ~orafc;enceon Fluid Sco!ing h ~ l in d conjunction with I:ie 1969 ASLE Annuol hlcc!ing irr Pliilodcl;~l~io,Pa. This papcr sponsored by flle An~criconSocicly OF hlccllonicol Engineers. . .. .263 . �flange 10 incllcs in dialnctcr. lirciglit of t l ~ cunit is . splxosimatcly 15 pounds. On [he space v'clliclc the unit is fliinge Inounlccl'in a bottom opening of a liquid osygcn supply lank ar~c1,'cxccpt for the outsidc face of the flange, is totally sub-. rncrgcd in licluicl oxygen at -2'37°F.This cryogcnic cooling pcrlnits a lnotor dcsign of smaller size and \wight and of improvcd cficiency due, to the rctli~ccd coppcr losses in thc stator windings. Normally, the moior cavity is incrted wit11 hclium gas at a prcssrlrc of 11 , I:roximatcly 50 psig, but this prcssurc can go as high as.80 . psig, which is limitcd by the motor cavity rclief valve. , SEAL CONSTRUCTION Fig. I-Elcclric ~ o t o Slator ; Aller Sirnutoted Short Circuit Test in Liquid ' Oxygen. In the sealed motor dcsign all motor parts opcrate within a housing incrted with prcssurized hclium gas. This dcsign prcscllts a minimtun safcty hazarcl. An cxample ,of this clcsign is shown in Fig. 2. This is an clcctric motor drivcn licluid oxygen pump unit for use on a space vehicle. 11ie hclium prcssurizccl motor is separated from tlic pumpcd fluid by a heliuln seal and a liquid oxygen scal opcrating in a back-to-back arrangemcnt with a comnlon ovcrboard vent betwccn them. I l l e pump unit is clrivcn by a one horscpowcr clcctric motor o ~ c r a t i n gat 11,000 rpln from a three-phase A.C., 400 IIz, po\vcr s o ~ u c ca t a supply voltage of approximately 40 17.R.hl.S. lin'c-td-line. Thc unit is approximately 12" long, 4" in clian~ctcrand has an intcgral mounting Because of the cryogcnic opcrating environment, elastomcric sealing clcmcnts are not usable. Thercfore,. an all metal wcldcd bello\vs.seal dcsign is cmploycd as shown in Fig. 3. This is a cartridge type seal which is shrink fittcd directly into the aluminum pump housing. Static scaling is providcd by the seal caltriclgc shrink fit in the pump housing and by tlle metallic bellows. A loose or unattached carbon face picce is usccl with this seal. The back side of the carl~onface piece is lapfittcd to the bellows end platc to provide an cffcctive static seal at this point. The'clynamic or opcrating surface of thc carbon face is of the gas face typc consisting of two concentric lands. l l l e inncr land is continuo~a and performs the pl.cssurc scaling function, wl~ilcthe outcr is a scgmcntcd bcaring land \vI~ichscrvcs to rcduce seal facc pressure. Rotation of the carbon face picce is prcvclltcd by slots, in the O.D. of the carbon face, \vhich engage with radial kcys located in the I.D. of the scal cartridge. Compnrcd to a scal having an integral typc calbon face piece, the loose facc piccc typc seal 11s thc following aclvant agcs: . 1. Seal face distortion due to differential thermal contraction of scal matcrinls is minimized. 2. Vibration damping is achievcd by friction bct\vcen the face picce and keys. l'he carbon facc picce opcratcs against a rot:iing ring clampcd axially on the sllaft and statically scalccl to the shaft by aluminum compression gaskcts. V q WrUd Te brbonN=*\ Fig. 2-Liquid Oxygen Pump Will1 klc,liu~~i lncrfcd Motor. Fig. 3-llcliuni . Bellows Seal \Vil!, I kaI %I1 LD. Loorc Carbon Fate. �Scal materials arc as follo\\,s: lcakagc thcn slo\\;ly dccays to so~iicratc bct\vccn tllc Scal cnrtrirlgc including bcllows-71s Staiulcss Stccl -P5N carbon . Carbon f;~ccpiccc Rotating ring -]lard cliro~nc .. . on 440C Stainless Stccl (Anncalcd) l l i c 400 scrics stainless stccl is l~scclin prefercncc to'a 300 scrics bccause of its higher Lllcrnial conductivity. Thc chrome plate tl~ickncssis 0.0015-0.005" as platccl and 0.001" minimun~aflcr lapping. SEAL CHARACTERISTICS Significant scal cliaracteristics are listcd in Table 1. Tlle scal face prcssure of 10 psi consists of 7.5 psi duc to bellows spring pressure and 2.5 psi resulting from the 5596 scal hydraulic overbalance at 50 psig hclium gas opcrating pressure. l l e ma.\imum a l l o ~ a b l cseal friction torque of 10 oz. in. is governed by thc motor torquc remaining after all othcr pump rcquirenlcnts have bccn satisfied. I t & influenced to a large extent by [lie noto or starting currcnt lililit \vhicIi govclns tlie motor torque capability. The maximum pcr~nissiblcseal leakage ratc is 25 stanclard cd)ic inclies pcr minutc (SCIXI) of hclium gas a t a motor cavity prcssurc of approximately 50 psig. Actual scal lcakngc expericnccd during testing is about 2 SCIhl dynamically and 20 SCIhI statically, i.e., with tlic unit non-operating. It is interesting Lo note that the clynamic leakage is much lo~vcrtlian thc static Icakagc. Tlic transition from the dynamic to thc static lcakagc rate takcs place in apPr~si~natcly 10 to 40 seconds a f c r tlic pump has come to rcst following powcr shut-olf. The seal lcakagc incrcascs to the pcak static valuc at which it remains for a pcriod of 30 seconds to 3 ~ninutes.Thc TA~I.E I-IIELIUhI SEAL CIIARACTElXISTICS 1. Scal Operating Spcccl, RPII 2. ,Surface Spccd, ft/rnin. 3. P-V Factor, PSI' Ft/XIin. 4. Opcratiiig h1cdiu111 5. Prcssurc, PSI11 11,000 5 2300 23.600 .I~cliu~n Gas 50-80 -297 6. l'cmpcraturc, "F 7. Scal 1)cflcction (installed), Inch 8. Axial Load, Lbs. 9. Ikcc Arca, in2: Scaling Land Ilcaring Land 10. IIydraulic Ovcrbalancc, 9L 11. kace I'rcssurc (Total), PSI 12. Frictiori Torquc (Xluxir~ium),oz in. 13. Friction 111' 14. Facc I'Iittl~css,I1cli\111l Light Bands 15. . Run-Out (Ilotating I:acc), l'.I.lt., illcli , .040-.050 2.5 0.19 0.14 55 .Id I0 0.10 1-2 0.0005 ski clyna~nicand ~ n a x i ~ n ustatic ~ n rates. Tl~isclinrncteristic is rcpcat~1,leon sticccssivc pump tcsts. l l i c 1 ~ 1 n iunit p opcrating lifc rcquirc~ncntis 10 1iou1.s wllich is nmde up of duty cyclcs each consisting of 20 minutcs of opcratiun follo~vcclby a soak timc of not lcss than 5 minutcs. \\'car ratcs of scal C O I I I ~ ) O I I C I ~ ~cspcriS enccd during tcst i1.e as follows: P5N Carbon Face Piece Chrome Plate on Rotating Ring 0.00005 in./hr 0.000025 in./lir . ' . Ilicsc \%?carrates wcre detcrniincd from three tcsts with a total run timc of approximately 30 hours. The ratcs indicate that tlic scal \vill easily surpass the rcquired life requirement. Numcrous tcsts were pcrformed to dcvelop a scal combination that would meet the rcquired life, leakage, and torquc requirements. Thc tcsts werc conductcdon scvcral scal dcsign variations and on various con~binationsof seal face and mating ring materials. I'ariations in scal facc unit loading werc accomplisllcd by varying tlic bellows spring load, seal facc \vidtIi, and hydraulic overbalance. For tcst purposes, thc scals werc installed in tlie LO2 pun111 prcviously discussed. The tcsts wcre pcrfor~ncdwith the unit subn~crgcdin liquicl oxygcn and with thc motor cavity incrtccl with helium gas at prcssurcs fro111 5 to 130 psig. Tlic tcsts consisted of rcpeatccl opcrating cycles of 20 millutes cluration. Aftcr each operating cycle, tlic electrical power to tlie unit was shut off and the unit was allowed to soak for a minimum of fivc minutes before restart. Static scal lcakage \!.as measurccl bcforc and aftcr every run, ancl dynamic lcakagc during each run. SEAL CONFIGURATIONS TESTED liyo basically dilferent types of bcllows scals wcre tcstcd wit11 the dcsign variations shown in Fig. 4 and Tablc 2. Initial tcsts were pcrformcd with a scal having an-intcgral carbon facc prcss fittcd in an encl plate weldcd . to tlic scal bcllo\\~s.1,atcr tests wcrc donc with a scal having a scparatc unattached floating carbon nose piccc statically scalccl to thc bello111s end plate by a lappcd fit as previously dcscribcd. A bcllowvs scal will] an intcgral car1)on facc ancl no vibration d:ir~lpcrwas tcsicd first. I~sccssivclcakagc, carbon wcar and chipping of thc carbon filcc at thc O.D. ancl premature bclloti7s failurc were cspcricncccl wit11 this scal. Af(er rcmoval fl'om thc pulnp, tlie scal was sul)jcctccl to vibration tcsts at aml)icnt tcnlpcr;~tt~rc and founcl to have a bronc1 nntural rcsonnut frequency rangc, wliicll inclr~clcclthc unit operating spccd. An attcmpt \vas maclc to shift Ll~isrcsona~itfrcqi~cricyband Ly cllnnging the 1ir1rnl)crof bcllows convoli~tionsto 7 and also to I 1 from tlic original 9 convolutions. Thcsc cllruigcs did not �swsrrn IIICCRU VlORlIlGN I r ' W i R TIE w1h~504ILQ r t c a XAL COIFIGUUIIOY SEU W I ~ HmAnNc cuaon nee A m Fig. 4-Seal Configurations Tesfed. prove cffcctive, so a vibration clamper spring \\:as aclclcd to the scal. l'hc vibration danlper consistcd of a flat steel spring encircling the bcllows O.D.al>prosinnatcly at the ~ n i d point of its axial Icngth. The spring applied a distri- TABLE 2-SEAL VIBRATION DAB~PER butcd forcc acting radially inward at the bello\vs 0.11. This was a fingcr typc spring with lhc fingers cslc~iding o~itiilardmncl rcaqling against the 1.11. of the scnl casc. A vibriition tcst of illis seal at aml)icnt teii1pcl;tture indicatcd that this spring was not vcry cffcctive in clunnping out vibration. Close visual examination of the seal rcvcalcd that thcrc 'was vcry littlc physical interaction bctween tlic spring and tlie bcllo\vs. llnis was confirmed by' the prcscnce of very little hystcrcsis in the load versus dcflcction calibration of this scal pc;fornncd a t room tcmpcrature. The scal design \\.as tlnen furthcr moclilicd to include an adclitional spring acting around the O.D.of the seal nose rctaincr plate w l ~ i c lis~ wclclcd to the bcllows. Vibration tests of this seal indicatcd no natural resonhnce in the operating spccd mnge. IIowevcr, operatiorla1 tests of the scal within the unit still rcsultcd in excessive leakage and chipping of the carl~onnose at the facc 0.13. A load versus deflection calibration df this scal exhibited a very widc liystcrcsis. This iilay have camcd hanging up of the carbon nose rclativc to the mating ring with the consequent poor performance. A round wire damper spring of approximately square ,configuration was installed in the scal acting betwcen tlle scal nose retainer O.D.and the scal case I.D. This spring provcd cffcctive in damping the seal when it was subjcctcd to a vibration tcst at rQoln temperature. An ol>cra: tional test of the seal \ililhin the unit shoivcd the leakage. to be within acceptable limits. But addition of the round VIBR;\TIOX AND LEAKAGE CIIAMCTERISTICS RESOS,\NT FREQUEXCY O F I)ELI.O\VS sE.4~-.' (ROOMTE~IPEIIATURE) , Seal with Integral CnrLo~ifice Piece None 173 to 190 Ilz ~ A ~ A N ; S Excessive lcnkage, premature bcllo\i~sfailurc,.rcsonant fi-cqucncy rangc includcs operating spccd of 183 cps. ' Fingcr Spring at XlidPoint of Dcllows O.D. Finger Spiing at Bcllows Slid-Point & at Carbon Face 0.1). Round IVire at Carbon Face 0.D. Inhcrcnt in Dcsign 120 to 205 112 Nonc bctwcen 20-SO0 IIz 560 1Iz 153 to 205 ITz wit11 ,lo torsional lo:1d. Nonc bciwccn 20SO0 IIz with a t&sionnl load of S oz. in. applicd to thc cnr1)on. Excessive Leakage, Insuficicnt Damping Exccssivc L,cakagc, I righ IIystcrcsis Calibration Curve Low Lcakagc and Adcquatc Damping Low 1-cakagc and Adcq~latc Dariq>i~ig. Prictiori damping ariscs Lctwccn thc slots at thc ca~.l,onface 0.11. and thc keys at the scnl casc I.D. �wirc diunpcr spring incrcasccl tlic scal spriiig r:itc and ~ila'dc Under tliis conclit ion, ass~i~ili~lg a tri:uigular I~ydraulicface inslilliution witliin t l ~ cpurnp fi~irlycritical. For a scal . prcssurc distril~utiot~, 50 percent of tlic scal facc arca is load of 2.5 Ibs. the scal liad to LC installed with an inioutside and 50 ycrccnt is i~~sidc thc bcllo\vs mcan cKectial clctlcclioi~of 0.010 to 0.012 inch. Furtl~crirnprovctive dinmctcr. Such a scal is said to have ail ovcrl)alancc mcnt \\'as, tl~cr~forc, coi~sidcredclcsirable. of 50 pcrccnt. %Ilc ;naul cfTectivc or cquivalcnt piston A basically dilfcrcnt type of bcllo\\s scal was tcstcd ncst. diameter is npprosimalcly equal to the average gcomctThis scal employccl a scparatc u~lattacllcdcarbon fitc6 ric diameter of the. bellows. In a scal with a 70 pcrccnt piccc scaled statically to the bcllowvs end plate l?y' a overbalance, 70 percent of tlic scal facc area is outside lapped fit. NO addccl vibrittion damping devices wcrc rcof tlie incan cffectivc diamctcr. In tliis scal, tlie total facc . quircd with this scal. Leakagc and wcar were rcpcatcdly pressurc consists of tlic pressure due to the spring load within acceptable limits. nccausc of a lower scal spring ancl 70 pcrccnt minus 50 percent or 20 pcrccnt of the rate, installed scal dcflcctio~lis approsi~natcly0.040 to scal operating prcssurc. Theorctically, hydraulic scal over0.050 inch for a.seal loacl of 2.5 Ibs. making installation balance should not be necessary, but practically it comnon-critical. This scal is prcsc~ltlybch~gused in production pcnsatcs for scal facc mccl~a~~ical and thermal distortiorls liquid oxygen pumps. At approximately 50 psig helium and manufacturing impcrfcctions in facc flatness. \lrhcn pressure static Icakagc of this seal is fro1113 to 20 SCIhl the scal must operate ovcr a range of prcssurcs, it must and dynamic Icakagc is about 2 SCIM. be hyclraulically ovcrbalanccd suficicntly to keep the leakage within acceptable liillits at the highest pressure. During the devcloplnent tests, the scal bellows spring SEAL FACE PRESSURE loads were variccl froin approsi~llatelyseven to two pounds, . . scal I~yclraulicovcrbalancc from 70 to 46 per cent, and One of the more important seal pararnetcrs is tllc facc seal face arcas.fr01110.10 to 0.39 squarc inches. This reprcssurc. Statically, it is duc to the bcllo~vsspring load suiltcd in seal facc pressures from 40 to 10 psi. and hydraulic unbalancc. During seal operation, hyclrodyThe highcr values of seal spring load and ovcrbalance namic loads ancl therinal dislortions also affect thc facc producccl higher facc prcssurcs. Thc highcr facc prespressurc. sures resulted in low initial lcakage, but presented conThe spring load must bc adequate to enable the seal siclcrable wear ancl friction torque problems, and cvcntufacc to follow, ancl to maintain contact with, the scal ally Iiigll leakagc duc to seal face scoring. At tlic other rotating ring wit11 its inherent out-of-squarcncss. \Vhcn a scal facc load extreme, wvhile wear and friction torque scal is to be operalee1 at a single pressurc only, the spring were lo\\ very little scaling was achieved. At ovcrbalload alonc could bc uscd, \vitll a liydraulically balanced anccs of 50 pcr ccnt or Icss, scal lcakage was very erratic. scal, to achic've acceptable scal performance. Best over-all results wcrc oblainccl with a seal spring In a ' hydraulically balancccl seal tllc hyclraulic forces load of 2.5 Ibs., an ovcrbalance of 55 per ccnt, and a tcnding to load and unload tllc seal face arc equal and resultant seal face pressurc of 10 psi. Seal Icakagc, frictllc facc prcssurc is due to the bcllo\vs spring load only. tion torque and facc wcar wcrc within acceptable limits. 3-PROPEI~TIES O F SEAL h.lATERIt\IS TAI~LE BTU-IN ~IATERIAI. F0 - El' UECU . , TIIEIL\IAL ESP~~SSION EIARDSESS In./ln./FO @ 70°F Goor 1000 261 (Rc 22) 251 (Sc 20) 2200 to 2.100 ~uriistcn - Carbidc (KSO1) (Nickel Ililldcr) .' ' I ' (Bcrrylco 25) P5N (Purc Carbon Co.) G39. (U. S; Crap!\itc Co.) P2003 (Purc Carl)on Co.) Sclcroscopc 100 220 approx. Sclcroscopc SO �TABLE4-SUMMARY OF SEAL TEST RESULTS Wear Rate Seal face herial Rotating Ring hlaterial Intcgral Carbon Face Typc Scul 1 C39 Carbon Chrome on 30.1 2 Chro~ncon 3 4 " 5 P2003 Carbon S P5S Carbon 9 . ' 1 10 11 12 I. . 13 14 Tungsten Diselenide Silver Tefon ' 5 Over Balance Face 'Area Inch2 ' % Run Time Hr Min Xone 3.2 70 0.18 20 4 1 3 Seal Face In./Hr Rota:ing Ring In./Hr Seal Operating Press. psig Leakage Std In.3/Min. Static Dynamic 0.004 (1) 5 ' 01 (2) (1) . 40 0.00015 (2) 40 5 130 0.000S 0.010 ,130 . 36 130 225 130 Light wear, erratic seal, high leakage P2003 carbon is hygroscopic and not suitable for cryogenic use. High leakage 1.8 70 0.18 18 Round Wire Round IVire 2.6 ' 70 0.18 41 1.3 55 0.18 17 2 27 Chrome i n . 440C P2003 , CnrSon P5S Carbon Round \Yire Round Wire Round Wire 2.6 70 0.18 41 4 00 (2) (2) 3.1 70 0.18 44 4 30 (1) (1) 130 54 36 1.8 46 0.10 13 8 05 (2) . 130 320 220 P5S Carbon' Round Wirc Round Wire Round Wire Round Wire 2.0 55. 0.13 22 1 32 0.0043 0.012 130 87 44 . 1.7. . 50 0.11 16 15 47 0.00008 (1) ,130 81 30 3.2 . 50 0.18 18 2 16 0.0014 (2) 5 130 4.9 50 28 1 55 0.0011 0.000008 130 3 33 590 25 15 33 170 100 130 95 270 ,200" 130 ' , . Rzhr~nxs 44 Xone ' ' (2) . . Heavy transfer film. high torque, wear . and leakage I-Iigh leakage. seal lift off 150 4200 %I 1300 35 22 . High wear 30 Very high rotating ring wear, early seal failure . . . Very high wear pnd high,torque C!:romc on 440C ' Aluminum OsiJc LA-2 C!:romiurn 3 Carbide LC-:c . S!iicon Carbide 2 Flat Spring Chrome on 440C Round Wire Chrome on 440C Round Wire 300 Sort material, low mechanical strength, very high leakage Inherent In Design 20 High seal torque, restart impossible I 3 Floating Carbon Face Type Seal >IYlOii Chrome on 1' I 44OC 4 Spring Load' Lbs. 440C P2003 Carbon P5S Carbon 1:. 7 Damper Spring 5 ~ e Total Face Press. psi P5S Carbon Chrome on RECU Tungsten Carbidc , lnheren t In Design . 3.7 3.6 55 .. . .. . 50 - . 0.18 . 0.16, 0.18 31 ' 21 ' 2 I6 50 40 0.0005 0.0003 (2) '. 0.000003 5 330 . . 260 60 Damper spring ma!$tnctioned Good wear and leakage Selective wear caused conical projcctions and high \wear and high leakage Selective wcnr caused conical projections and high wear and high leakage . ' 300 ' , 10 2 Very high wear, erratic and high leakage (rough surfaces) Low mechanical s:rength, dimensional instability. high leakage and wear High torque a: operating pressure Unit started at lowcr pressure High torque and high leakage 2 Leakage was not significantly better than present design Leakage was 5 sci~nfor first four hours, then increased to 20 scim 2 Low wear, low and repeatable Icakagc �I~~ATERIALS TESTED . ' TO~rlioi~iiizc scal distortion and conscilocnt Icaliagc, it is clesirablc to use ~natcrialsl~nvitlg,as ncarly as possil)lc, similar espinsion charactcristics an6 masirnuin hcat . concluctivity. Listccl in Table 3 arc thcrmal expansion, conclactivity, and Iiarclncss for scvcral scal matcrials. Other properti'es sucll as film laying cl~aractcristics,friction and wcai-ing qualitics, must bc dctcnnincd by actual test. Various combinations of carbon facc and mating ring matcrials wcrc tested as summarized in Tablc 4. Initial tests nrcre performcd ising a seal with an intcgral carbon 'nose wit11 a G39 carbon fact nlatcrial operating versus scveral cliflcrent mating ri~lg~natcrials.Carbon film transfer onto thc mating ring was hcavy and lcakagc, wcar, and torque were gcncrally high ancl not acceptable. A 1'2003 grapliitc matcrial with a clieinical salt imprconation opcrati~igvcrsus scvcral mating ring material~ 9 geilerally rcsultccl in high leakagc. Also, it was clisco\lcred in the coursc of thc program that tliis ~natcrialwas hydroscopic and, tlicrcforc, not suitablc for cryogenic use. Moisture attractecl to it rcsultcd in frcczing - bctwcen tlic seals and matigg rings \vithin the pump. Next, a P5N casbon graphite facc material with a chclnical salt impregnation was operatcd against a P5N mating ring. This resulted in high friction, torquc, wear and Icakagc, ancl confirmccl similar rcsults obtainccl with othcr carbon vcrsus casbon combinations in this pump unit. The 1'5N nose piccc was also tested versus flarnc platcd mating rings of aluminum oxiclc ancl chromium carbide. Carbon nose n7car and scal leakage \\we high. This zppcarccl to bc due to sclcctive wcar of thc flamc platetl materials resulting in sharp conical surface projcctions that abraiclecl thc carbon nosc matcrial. Thc P5N was also opcratcd against a silicon cahidc mating ring. \17ear and lcakagc wcre high and sealing \!?as erratic. In an attempt to rcducc seal friction, two non-casbon scal facc matcrials ~ \ ~ e tcstecl. rc One was a lligli tcrnpcratilrc material consisting largely of tungstcn disclcr~icle solicl lubricant ancl the othcr was silvcr-tcflon composition. Both rcsullecl in higli. wcar ancl leakage. The tungsten disclc~liclematerial had Ihc undcsirablc property of bccoming soft, dimensionally unstablc and wearing excessivcly after bcing cxposcd to liquid osygcn. Thc silverteflon material, duc to the fibrous nature of thc embcdclccl tenon particles, \\?asdiificult to polis11 to. the higli dcgrcc of surface finish ncccnary for good scaling.'i\n 'attempt to run-in thc niatcrial did not improve its scaling characteristics. ' . An h.lYl0K ciubon fucc piccc with an antilnony atldilive \\.as tested \rcrsus I~nrdcnccl(Ilc 55) 440c stainlcss slccl. This material producccl a vcry I~cnvytralisfcr filn~ on tlic mating ring. l'llc carl>on fcicc \\.as polislicd. IZcSulL:~utlediagc.wils low but scal friction torclt~c\ifas exccssivcly high. Tests wcrc also. conducted \\lit11 a I'5N carbon scal face opcrating vcrsus ~natingrings of harcl clirolnc platc on bcryllii~mcoppcr and also versus tungstcn carbide witli a nickcl binclcr. In both cascs thc mating rings ancl carbon faccs werc vcry liglltly scorccl across tllc arcas of contact. A vcry light carbon transfcr film was prcscnt on the mating rings. Lcakagc.and \ircar resl~ltswcrc approsimately thc salnc as obtainccl will1 P5N vcrsus harcl chromc on 440c stainlcss stecl. ?lie bcst and most consistc~ltrcsults wcrc obtainccl with a P5N carbon face opcraling versus a mating ring of hard chrome platc on annealed 440c stainlcss stccl. ljrear, leakagc, and friction torque wcrc within acceptable limits and werc repeatable. This material co~nl>iilation has bccn qualified ancl is presently being med in'a liq~iicloxygen punlp on a space veliicle. CONCLUSIONS From the work clcscril~cdhcrein tlic followi~lgcon clusions nrere reached: 1. The best seal co~nbilialionconsistccl of a P5N ear- bon face opcrating vcrsus a rotating ring of Ilarcl chronic platc 011 annealcc1440c stainless steel with a hydra~ilicoverbalailce of 55%, a face pressure of 10 psi ancl a spring load of 2.5 lbs. 2. The over-all pcrformaucc of the floating carbon facc typc scal was superior to tlie intcgral facc type seal. 3. The floating carbon facc seal \rw..found to have thc following advantagcs: a. Scal facc distortion cluc to the differential contraction bctwecn the carbon face ancl thc stainless stccl Lcllo\\~send platc was eliminated. b. Aclcquatc axial ancl torsional. .vil>ration damping - was achicvcd by friction between the car1)on . facc and the seal stationary keys with no conse. qucnt incrcasc in bcllows spring rate. c. Rcfinisliing and rcplacclncnt of tllc scal ca'rbon facc coulcl be donc without removal of the scal from thc pump housing. . d. Thc Iappccl bcllo~\~s encl plate dicl not rcqriirc rcfinisliing during the life of tllc unit. . ' . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context spc_stnv_000054 Title A name given to the resource "A Helium Face Seal Application In a Liquid Oxygen Pump." Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. FICFS Preprint 24 Description An account of the resource Presented at the Fourth International Conference on Fluid Sealing held in conjunction with the 24th annual meeting in Philadelphia, May 5-9, 1969. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cieslik, Walter American Society of Lubrication Engineers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969-05-09 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn Project (U.S.) Liquid oxygen Pump seals Sealing Type The nature or genre of the resource Reports Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 31, Folder 32 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. FICFS Preprints Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000051_000074 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10960/Instprogcompcont_082007101905.pdf fd88feab1050611b5ed92d0c9080e91c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Instprogcompcont.pdf spc_stnv_000338 Title A name given to the resource "Instrumentation Programming for Computer Controlled Digital Data Processing." Description An account of the resource A number of considerations are necessary in instrumentation programming, many of which are either not applicable or applicable to a lesser degree in other types of programming. This paper discusses these problems in general terms and illustrates how they have been dealt with specifically. The latter is done by describing the programming and operation of a data reduction system. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Anderson, Philip N. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-10-04 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Digital techniques Flight management systems Airborne/spaceborne computers Spacecraft electronic equipment Spacecraft instruments V-2 missile Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Essays Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000325_000349 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17346"> View this item in ArchivesSpace. </a> https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10695/Probexperprogmane_112707121415.pdf 8e2bedbba8c7cec4cde92b4577e6fd19 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Probexperprogmane_112707121415.pdf spc_stnv_000617 Title A name given to the resource "Problems experienced in program management." Description An account of the resource Letter to "management" detailing problems identified in management's handling of projects. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Andressen, C. E. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1966-10-05 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Project management Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Correspondances Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 19, Folder 18 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000600_000624 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17539 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10831/Manprowitpri_011608082119.pdf cd48fe1a8b0c9a1cff6f8152065e6a23 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Manprowitpri_011608082119.pdf spc_stnv_000432 Title A name given to the resource "Manufacturing problems with printed circuit boards and how to avoid them." Description An account of the resource To be presented at the NASA / Rocketdyne Manufacturing Technology Review. Focuses on how best to avoid printed circuit boards. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angele, Wilhelm Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1967-05-12 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project History Production management Circuit boards Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Essays Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000425_000449 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/10917/letttomrdavid_011708082022.pdf fcd494fdedc2ee143d7158b646bfb370 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context letttomrdavid_011708082022.pdf spc_stnv_000394 Title A name given to the resource "Letter to Mr. David L. Christensen." Description An account of the resource Letter David L. Christensen from W. Angele responding to a pervious request. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Angele, Wilhem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969-02-18 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Subject The topic of the resource Saturn project Apollo project Saturn project Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Correspondence Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Is part of: Stapled inside of "Manufacturing Problems of Printed Circuit Boards and How to Avoid Them". Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000375_000399 https://digitalprojects.uah.edu/files/original/20/2315/spc_stnv_000087.pdf 813bb8c9500d9f3899e43ffedbecb4da Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saturn V Collection Relation A related resource <a href="http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/60" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the Saturn V Collection finding aid in ArchivesSpace</a> Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Saturn V Collection Description An account of the resource The Saturn V was a three-stage launch vehicle and the rocket that put man on the moon. (Detailed information about the Saturn V's three stages may be found <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_first_stage.html">here, </a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_second_stage.html">here, </a>and <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/rocketpark/saturn_v_third_stage.html">here.</a>) Wernher von Braun led the Saturn V team, serving as chief architect for the rocket. Perhaps the Saturn V’s greatest claim to fame is the Apollo Program, specifically Apollo 11. Several manned and unmanned missions that tested the rocket preceded the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the United States’ ultimate victory in the space race with the Soviet Union; the spacecraft successfully landed on the moon, and its crew members were the first men in history to set foot on Earth’s rocky satellite. A Saturn V rocket also put Skylab into orbit in 1973. A total of 15 Saturn Vs were built, but only 13 of those were used. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context spc_stnv_000087 Title A name given to the resource "Apollo 7 Mission Commentary." Description An account of the resource This document contains the transcript from the Apollo 7 mission. This transcript contains the communication from the first seven days of the ten day mission. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Apollo News Center. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968-10-11 Subject The topic of the resource Apollo 7 flight Manned space flight Project Apollo (U.S.) Saturn Project (U.S.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saturn V Collection Box 28, Folder 35 University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives, Special Collections, and Digital Initiatives, Huntsville, Alabama Language A language of the resource en Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This material may be protected under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S. Code) which governs the making of photocopies or reproductions of copyrighted materials. You may use the digitized material for private study, scholarship, or research. Though the University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections has physical ownership of the material in its collections, in some cases we may not own the copyright to the material. It is the patron's obligation to determine and satisfy copyright restrictions when publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in our collections. Relation A related resource spc_stnv_000075_000118 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/archival_objects/17976 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1960-1969 Type The nature or genre of the resource Transcripts Text